Endovascular Treatment of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome in the Immediate Postoperative Period of Heart Transplantation

pp 457-460

Abstract

Heart transplantation is indicated in patients with end-stage heart failure who have no options with medical, interventional or surgical treatment. Among the three techniques available, the bicaval technique is the one most frequently used due to its hemodynamic and clinical benefits. However, it is technically more demanding and may have some consequences, as vena caval anastomotic stenosis. We describe the case of a patient who developed superior vena cava syndrome at postoperative day one of orthotopic heart transplantation with bicaval technique. At the second day symptoms progressed and, despite having initiated an- ticoagulation therapy, the patient underwent a diagnostic phlebography followed by endovascular treatment. After dilatation of the superior vena cava three self-expandable stents were implanted producing patent anastomosis between the donor and receptor venae cavae, the superior vena cava and the right subclavian vena. The patient had favorable outcomes with immediate symptoms relief and was discharged without complications.